Evaluation of ejection fraction in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Introduction: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a reperfusion strategy to increase life expectancy and ejection fraction (EF) in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. We investigated the effect of location, severity, type of lesion, number and type of vessel involved and time of angioplasty on the increase in EF in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI (P-PCI) and Rescue PCI(R-PCI). Method: patients were divided into two groups, who underwent angioplasty in the first 12 hours (P-PCI) (without receiving fibrinolytic drugs) and patients who underwent angioplasty within 12-24 hours after R-PCI. Results: The most type of lesion diagnosed in patients was type B (61.4%) and the most common vessel involved in patients was Left Anterior Descending artery (LAD) (60.2%). The most common region involved was diagnosed as Anterior-STEMI (56.8%) (ANT-STEMI). There was no significant difference in EF increase between the two groups (P-Value=0.2). 40 days later a significant difference between EF for involved area was seen (P-Value < 0.001). The highest and the lowest EF were, in patients with involvement in inferior (INF-STEMI) area, STEMI (46.2 ± 5.9) and ANT-STEMI anterior wall STEMI (32.2 ± 6.4). Also, the highest EF was in patients with Right Coronary Artery and the lowest EF was seen in LAD involvement (P-Value < 0.001). There was no difference between the patients for lesion type (P-Value =0.2). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the LAD vein and the ANT-STEMI area are the most involved areas in STEMI patients, which lead to a greater decrease in EF.